Theory equalities
section‹Basic Equalities and Inclusions›
theory equalities imports pair begin
text‹These cover union, intersection, converse, domain, range, etc. Philippe
de Groote proved many of the inclusions.›
lemma in_mono: "A⊆B ⟹ x∈A ⟶ x∈B"
by blast
lemma the_eq_0 [simp]: "(THE x. False) = 0"
by (blast intro: the_0)
subsection‹Bounded Quantifiers›
text ‹\medskip
The following are not added to the default simpset because
(a) they duplicate the body and (b) there are no similar rules for ‹Int›.›
lemma ball_Un: "(∀x ∈ A∪B. P(x)) ⟷ (∀x ∈ A. P(x)) ∧ (∀x ∈ B. P(x))"
by blast
lemma bex_Un: "(∃x ∈ A∪B. P(x)) ⟷ (∃x ∈ A. P(x)) | (∃x ∈ B. P(x))"
by blast
lemma ball_UN: "(∀z ∈ (⋃x∈A. B(x)). P(z)) ⟷ (∀x∈A. ∀z ∈ B(x). P(z))"
by blast
lemma bex_UN: "(∃z ∈ (⋃x∈A. B(x)). P(z)) ⟷ (∃x∈A. ∃z∈B(x). P(z))"
by blast
subsection‹Converse of a Relation›
lemma converse_iff [simp]: "⟨a,b⟩∈ converse(r) ⟷ ⟨b,a⟩∈r"
by (unfold converse_def, blast)
lemma converseI [intro!]: "⟨a,b⟩∈r ⟹ ⟨b,a⟩∈converse(r)"
by (unfold converse_def, blast)
lemma converseD: "⟨a,b⟩ ∈ converse(r) ⟹ ⟨b,a⟩ ∈ r"
by (unfold converse_def, blast)
lemma converseE [elim!]:
"⟦yx ∈ converse(r);
⋀x y. ⟦yx=⟨y,x⟩; ⟨x,y⟩∈r⟧ ⟹ P⟧
⟹ P"
by (unfold converse_def, blast)
lemma converse_converse: "r⊆Sigma(A,B) ⟹ converse(converse(r)) = r"
by blast
lemma converse_type: "r⊆A*B ⟹ converse(r)⊆B*A"
by blast
lemma converse_prod [simp]: "converse(A*B) = B*A"
by blast
lemma converse_empty [simp]: "converse(0) = 0"
by blast
lemma converse_subset_iff:
"A ⊆ Sigma(X,Y) ⟹ converse(A) ⊆ converse(B) ⟷ A ⊆ B"
by blast
subsection‹Finite Set Constructions Using \<^term>‹cons››
lemma cons_subsetI: "⟦a∈C; B⊆C⟧ ⟹ cons(a,B) ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma subset_consI: "B ⊆ cons(a,B)"
by blast
lemma cons_subset_iff [iff]: "cons(a,B)⊆C ⟷ a∈C ∧ B⊆C"
by blast
lemmas cons_subsetE = cons_subset_iff [THEN iffD1, THEN conjE]
lemma subset_empty_iff: "A⊆0 ⟷ A=0"
by blast
lemma subset_cons_iff: "C⊆cons(a,B) ⟷ C⊆B | (a∈C ∧ C-{a} ⊆ B)"
by blast
lemma cons_eq: "{a} ∪ B = cons(a,B)"
by blast
lemma cons_commute: "cons(a, cons(b, C)) = cons(b, cons(a, C))"
by blast
lemma cons_absorb: "a: B ⟹ cons(a,B) = B"
by blast
lemma cons_Diff: "a: B ⟹ cons(a, B-{a}) = B"
by blast
lemma Diff_cons_eq: "cons(a,B) - C = (if a∈C then B-C else cons(a,B-C))"
by auto
lemma equal_singleton: "⟦a: C; ⋀y. y ∈C ⟹ y=b⟧ ⟹ C = {b}"
by blast
lemma [simp]: "cons(a,cons(a,B)) = cons(a,B)"
by blast
lemma singleton_subsetI: "a∈C ⟹ {a} ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma singleton_subsetD: "{a} ⊆ C ⟹ a∈C"
by blast
lemma subset_succI: "i ⊆ succ(i)"
by blast
lemma succ_subsetI: "⟦i∈j; i⊆j⟧ ⟹ succ(i)⊆j"
by (unfold succ_def, blast)
lemma succ_subsetE:
"⟦succ(i) ⊆ j; ⟦i∈j; i⊆j⟧ ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
by (unfold succ_def, blast)
lemma succ_subset_iff: "succ(a) ⊆ B ⟷ (a ⊆ B ∧ a ∈ B)"
by (unfold succ_def, blast)
subsection‹Binary Intersection›
lemma Int_subset_iff: "C ⊆ A ∩ B ⟷ C ⊆ A ∧ C ⊆ B"
by blast
lemma Int_lower1: "A ∩ B ⊆ A"
by blast
lemma Int_lower2: "A ∩ B ⊆ B"
by blast
lemma Int_greatest: "⟦C⊆A; C⊆B⟧ ⟹ C ⊆ A ∩ B"
by blast
lemma Int_cons: "cons(a,B) ∩ C ⊆ cons(a, B ∩ C)"
by blast
lemma Int_absorb [simp]: "A ∩ A = A"
by blast
lemma Int_left_absorb: "A ∩ (A ∩ B) = A ∩ B"
by blast
lemma Int_commute: "A ∩ B = B ∩ A"
by blast
lemma Int_left_commute: "A ∩ (B ∩ C) = B ∩ (A ∩ C)"
by blast
lemma Int_assoc: "(A ∩ B) ∩ C = A ∩ (B ∩ C)"
by blast
lemmas Int_ac= Int_assoc Int_left_absorb Int_commute Int_left_commute
lemma Int_absorb1: "B ⊆ A ⟹ A ∩ B = B"
by blast
lemma Int_absorb2: "A ⊆ B ⟹ A ∩ B = A"
by blast
lemma Int_Un_distrib: "A ∩ (B ∪ C) = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C)"
by blast
lemma Int_Un_distrib2: "(B ∪ C) ∩ A = (B ∩ A) ∪ (C ∩ A)"
by blast
lemma subset_Int_iff: "A⊆B ⟷ A ∩ B = A"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma subset_Int_iff2: "A⊆B ⟷ B ∩ A = A"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma Int_Diff_eq: "C⊆A ⟹ (A-B) ∩ C = C-B"
by blast
lemma Int_cons_left:
"cons(a,A) ∩ B = (if a ∈ B then cons(a, A ∩ B) else A ∩ B)"
by auto
lemma Int_cons_right:
"A ∩ cons(a, B) = (if a ∈ A then cons(a, A ∩ B) else A ∩ B)"
by auto
lemma cons_Int_distrib: "cons(x, A ∩ B) = cons(x, A) ∩ cons(x, B)"
by auto
subsection‹Binary Union›
lemma Un_subset_iff: "A ∪ B ⊆ C ⟷ A ⊆ C ∧ B ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma Un_upper1: "A ⊆ A ∪ B"
by blast
lemma Un_upper2: "B ⊆ A ∪ B"
by blast
lemma Un_least: "⟦A⊆C; B⊆C⟧ ⟹ A ∪ B ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma Un_cons: "cons(a,B) ∪ C = cons(a, B ∪ C)"
by blast
lemma Un_absorb [simp]: "A ∪ A = A"
by blast
lemma Un_left_absorb: "A ∪ (A ∪ B) = A ∪ B"
by blast
lemma Un_commute: "A ∪ B = B ∪ A"
by blast
lemma Un_left_commute: "A ∪ (B ∪ C) = B ∪ (A ∪ C)"
by blast
lemma Un_assoc: "(A ∪ B) ∪ C = A ∪ (B ∪ C)"
by blast
lemmas Un_ac = Un_assoc Un_left_absorb Un_commute Un_left_commute
lemma Un_absorb1: "A ⊆ B ⟹ A ∪ B = B"
by blast
lemma Un_absorb2: "B ⊆ A ⟹ A ∪ B = A"
by blast
lemma Un_Int_distrib: "(A ∩ B) ∪ C = (A ∪ C) ∩ (B ∪ C)"
by blast
lemma subset_Un_iff: "A⊆B ⟷ A ∪ B = B"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma subset_Un_iff2: "A⊆B ⟷ B ∪ A = B"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma Un_empty [iff]: "(A ∪ B = 0) ⟷ (A = 0 ∧ B = 0)"
by blast
lemma Un_eq_Union: "A ∪ B = ⋃({A, B})"
by blast
subsection‹Set Difference›
lemma Diff_subset: "A-B ⊆ A"
by blast
lemma Diff_contains: "⟦C⊆A; C ∩ B = 0⟧ ⟹ C ⊆ A-B"
by blast
lemma subset_Diff_cons_iff: "B ⊆ A - cons(c,C) ⟷ B⊆A-C ∧ c ∉ B"
by blast
lemma Diff_cancel: "A - A = 0"
by blast
lemma Diff_triv: "A ∩ B = 0 ⟹ A - B = A"
by blast
lemma empty_Diff [simp]: "0 - A = 0"
by blast
lemma Diff_0 [simp]: "A - 0 = A"
by blast
lemma Diff_eq_0_iff: "A - B = 0 ⟷ A ⊆ B"
by (blast elim: equalityE)
lemma Diff_cons: "A - cons(a,B) = A - B - {a}"
by blast
lemma Diff_cons2: "A - cons(a,B) = A - {a} - B"
by blast
lemma Diff_disjoint: "A ∩ (B-A) = 0"
by blast
lemma Diff_partition: "A⊆B ⟹ A ∪ (B-A) = B"
by blast
lemma subset_Un_Diff: "A ⊆ B ∪ (A - B)"
by blast
lemma double_complement: "⟦A⊆B; B⊆C⟧ ⟹ B-(C-A) = A"
by blast
lemma double_complement_Un: "(A ∪ B) - (B-A) = A"
by blast
lemma Un_Int_crazy:
"(A ∩ B) ∪ (B ∩ C) ∪ (C ∩ A) = (A ∪ B) ∩ (B ∪ C) ∩ (C ∪ A)"
apply blast
done
lemma Diff_Un: "A - (B ∪ C) = (A-B) ∩ (A-C)"
by blast
lemma Diff_Int: "A - (B ∩ C) = (A-B) ∪ (A-C)"
by blast
lemma Un_Diff: "(A ∪ B) - C = (A - C) ∪ (B - C)"
by blast
lemma Int_Diff: "(A ∩ B) - C = A ∩ (B - C)"
by blast
lemma Diff_Int_distrib: "C ∩ (A-B) = (C ∩ A) - (C ∩ B)"
by blast
lemma Diff_Int_distrib2: "(A-B) ∩ C = (A ∩ C) - (B ∩ C)"
by blast
lemma Un_Int_assoc_iff: "(A ∩ B) ∪ C = A ∩ (B ∪ C) ⟷ C⊆A"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
subsection‹Big Union and Intersection›
lemma Union_subset_iff: "⋃(A) ⊆ C ⟷ (∀x∈A. x ⊆ C)"
by blast
lemma Union_upper: "B∈A ⟹ B ⊆ ⋃(A)"
by blast
lemma Union_least: "⟦⋀x. x∈A ⟹ x⊆C⟧ ⟹ ⋃(A) ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma Union_cons [simp]: "⋃(cons(a,B)) = a ∪ ⋃(B)"
by blast
lemma Union_Un_distrib: "⋃(A ∪ B) = ⋃(A) ∪ ⋃(B)"
by blast
lemma Union_Int_subset: "⋃(A ∩ B) ⊆ ⋃(A) ∩ ⋃(B)"
by blast
lemma Union_disjoint: "⋃(C) ∩ A = 0 ⟷ (∀B∈C. B ∩ A = 0)"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma Union_empty_iff: "⋃(A) = 0 ⟷ (∀B∈A. B=0)"
by blast
lemma Int_Union2: "⋃(B) ∩ A = (⋃C∈B. C ∩ A)"
by blast
lemma Inter_subset_iff: "A≠0 ⟹ C ⊆ ⋂(A) ⟷ (∀x∈A. C ⊆ x)"
by blast
lemma Inter_lower: "B∈A ⟹ ⋂(A) ⊆ B"
by blast
lemma Inter_greatest: "⟦A≠0; ⋀x. x∈A ⟹ C⊆x⟧ ⟹ C ⊆ ⋂(A)"
by blast
lemma INT_lower: "x∈A ⟹ (⋂x∈A. B(x)) ⊆ B(x)"
by blast
lemma INT_greatest: "⟦A≠0; ⋀x. x∈A ⟹ C⊆B(x)⟧ ⟹ C ⊆ (⋂x∈A. B(x))"
by force
lemma Inter_0 [simp]: "⋂(0) = 0"
by (unfold Inter_def, blast)
lemma Inter_Un_subset:
"⟦z∈A; z∈B⟧ ⟹ ⋂(A) ∪ ⋂(B) ⊆ ⋂(A ∩ B)"
by blast
lemma Inter_Un_distrib:
"⟦A≠0; B≠0⟧ ⟹ ⋂(A ∪ B) = ⋂(A) ∩ ⋂(B)"
by blast
lemma Union_singleton: "⋃({b}) = b"
by blast
lemma Inter_singleton: "⋂({b}) = b"
by blast
lemma Inter_cons [simp]:
"⋂(cons(a,B)) = (if B=0 then a else a ∩ ⋂(B))"
by force
subsection‹Unions and Intersections of Families›
lemma subset_UN_iff_eq: "A ⊆ (⋃i∈I. B(i)) ⟷ A = (⋃i∈I. A ∩ B(i))"
by (blast elim!: equalityE)
lemma UN_subset_iff: "(⋃x∈A. B(x)) ⊆ C ⟷ (∀x∈A. B(x) ⊆ C)"
by blast
lemma UN_upper: "x∈A ⟹ B(x) ⊆ (⋃x∈A. B(x))"
by (erule RepFunI [THEN Union_upper])
lemma UN_least: "⟦⋀x. x∈A ⟹ B(x)⊆C⟧ ⟹ (⋃x∈A. B(x)) ⊆ C"
by blast
lemma Union_eq_UN: "⋃(A) = (⋃x∈A. x)"
by blast
lemma Inter_eq_INT: "⋂(A) = (⋂x∈A. x)"
by (unfold Inter_def, blast)
lemma UN_0 [simp]: "(⋃i∈0. A(i)) = 0"
by blast
lemma UN_singleton: "(⋃x∈A. {x}) = A"
by blast
lemma UN_Un: "(⋃i∈ A ∪ B. C(i)) = (⋃i∈ A. C(i)) ∪ (⋃i∈B. C(i))"
by blast
lemma INT_Un: "(⋂i∈I ∪ J. A(i)) =
(if I=0 then ⋂j∈J. A(j)
else if J=0 then ⋂i∈I. A(i)
else ((⋂i∈I. A(i)) ∩ (⋂j∈J. A(j))))"
by (simp, blast intro!: equalityI)
lemma UN_UN_flatten: "(⋃x ∈ (⋃y∈A. B(y)). C(x)) = (⋃y∈A. ⋃x∈ B(y). C(x))"
by blast
lemma Int_UN_distrib: "B ∩ (⋃i∈I. A(i)) = (⋃i∈I. B ∩ A(i))"
by blast
lemma Un_INT_distrib: "I≠0 ⟹ B ∪ (⋂i∈I. A(i)) = (⋂i∈I. B ∪ A(i))"
by auto
lemma Int_UN_distrib2:
"(⋃i∈I. A(i)) ∩ (⋃j∈J. B(j)) = (⋃i∈I. ⋃j∈J. A(i) ∩ B(j))"
by blast
lemma Un_INT_distrib2: "⟦I≠0; J≠0⟧ ⟹
(⋂i∈I. A(i)) ∪ (⋂j∈J. B(j)) = (⋂i∈I. ⋂j∈J. A(i) ∪ B(j))"
by auto
lemma UN_constant [simp]: "(⋃y∈A. c) = (if A=0 then 0 else c)"
by force
lemma INT_constant [simp]: "(⋂y∈A. c) = (if A=0 then 0 else c)"
by force
lemma UN_RepFun [simp]: "(⋃y∈ RepFun(A,f). B(y)) = (⋃x∈A. B(f(x)))"
by blast
lemma INT_RepFun [simp]: "(⋂x∈RepFun(A,f). B(x)) = (⋂a∈A. B(f(a)))"
by (auto simp add: Inter_def)
lemma INT_Union_eq:
"0 ∉ A ⟹ (⋂x∈ ⋃(A). B(x)) = (⋂y∈A. ⋂x∈y. B(x))"
apply (subgoal_tac "∀x∈A. x≠0")
prefer 2 apply blast
apply (force simp add: Inter_def ball_conj_distrib)
done
lemma INT_UN_eq:
"(∀x∈A. B(x) ≠ 0)
⟹ (⋂z∈ (⋃x∈A. B(x)). C(z)) = (⋂x∈A. ⋂z∈ B(x). C(z))"
apply (subst INT_Union_eq, blast)
apply (simp add: Inter_def)
done
lemma UN_Un_distrib:
"(⋃i∈I. A(i) ∪ B(i)) = (⋃i∈I. A(i)) ∪ (⋃i∈I. B(i))"
by blast
lemma INT_Int_distrib:
"I≠0 ⟹ (⋂i∈I. A(i) ∩ B(i)) = (⋂i∈I. A(i)) ∩ (⋂i∈I. B(i))"
by (blast elim!: not_emptyE)
lemma UN_Int_subset:
"(⋃z∈I ∩ J. A(z)) ⊆ (⋃z∈I. A(z)) ∩ (⋃z∈J. A(z))"
by blast
lemma Diff_UN: "I≠0 ⟹ B - (⋃i∈I. A(i)) = (⋂i∈I. B - A(i))"
by (blast elim!: not_emptyE)
lemma Diff_INT: "I≠0 ⟹ B - (⋂i∈I. A(i)) = (⋃i∈I. B - A(i))"
by (blast elim!: not_emptyE)
lemma Sigma_cons1: "Sigma(cons(a,B), C) = ({a}*C(a)) ∪ Sigma(B,C)"
by blast
lemma Sigma_cons2: "A * cons(b,B) = A*{b} ∪ A*B"
by blast
lemma Sigma_succ1: "Sigma(succ(A), B) = ({A}*B(A)) ∪ Sigma(A,B)"
by blast
lemma Sigma_succ2: "A * succ(B) = A*{B} ∪ A*B"
by blast
lemma SUM_UN_distrib1:
"(∑x ∈ (⋃y∈A. C(y)). B(x)) = (⋃y∈A. ∑x∈C(y). B(x))"
by blast
lemma SUM_UN_distrib2:
"(∑i∈I. ⋃j∈J. C(i,j)) = (⋃j∈J. ∑i∈I. C(i,j))"
by blast
lemma SUM_Un_distrib1:
"(∑i∈I ∪ J. C(i)) = (∑i∈I. C(i)) ∪ (∑j∈J. C(j))"
by blast
lemma SUM_Un_distrib2:
"(∑i∈I. A(i) ∪ B(i)) = (∑i∈I. A(i)) ∪ (∑i∈I. B(i))"
by blast
lemma prod_Un_distrib2: "I * (A ∪ B) = I*A ∪ I*B"
by (rule SUM_Un_distrib2)
lemma SUM_Int_distrib1:
"(∑i∈I ∩ J. C(i)) = (∑i∈I. C(i)) ∩ (∑j∈J. C(j))"
by blast
lemma SUM_Int_distrib2:
"(∑i∈I. A(i) ∩ B(i)) = (∑i∈I. A(i)) ∩ (∑i∈I. B(i))"
by blast
lemma prod_Int_distrib2: "I * (A ∩ B) = I*A ∩ I*B"
by (rule SUM_Int_distrib2)
lemma SUM_eq_UN: "(∑i∈I. A(i)) = (⋃i∈I. {i} * A(i))"
by blast
lemma times_subset_iff:
"(A'*B' ⊆ A*B) ⟷ (A' = 0 | B' = 0 | (A'⊆A) ∧ (B'⊆B))"
by blast
lemma Int_Sigma_eq:
"(∑x ∈ A'. B'(x)) ∩ (∑x ∈ A. B(x)) = (∑x ∈ A' ∩ A. B'(x) ∩ B(x))"
by blast
lemma domain_iff: "a: domain(r) ⟷ (∃y. ⟨a,y⟩∈ r)"
by (unfold domain_def, blast)
lemma domainI [intro]: "⟨a,b⟩∈ r ⟹ a: domain(r)"
by (unfold domain_def, blast)
lemma domainE [elim!]:
"⟦a ∈ domain(r); ⋀y. ⟨a,y⟩∈ r ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
by (unfold domain_def, blast)
lemma domain_subset: "domain(Sigma(A,B)) ⊆ A"
by blast
lemma domain_of_prod: "b∈B ⟹ domain(A*B) = A"
by blast
lemma domain_0 [simp]: "domain(0) = 0"
by blast
lemma domain_cons [simp]: "domain(cons(⟨a,b⟩,r)) = cons(a, domain(r))"
by blast
lemma domain_Un_eq [simp]: "domain(A ∪ B) = domain(A) ∪ domain(B)"
by blast
lemma domain_Int_subset: "domain(A ∩ B) ⊆ domain(A) ∩ domain(B)"
by blast
lemma domain_Diff_subset: "domain(A) - domain(B) ⊆ domain(A - B)"
by blast
lemma domain_UN: "domain(⋃x∈A. B(x)) = (⋃x∈A. domain(B(x)))"
by blast
lemma domain_Union: "domain(⋃(A)) = (⋃x∈A. domain(x))"
by blast
lemma rangeI [intro]: "⟨a,b⟩∈ r ⟹ b ∈ range(r)"
unfolding range_def
apply (erule converseI [THEN domainI])
done
lemma rangeE [elim!]: "⟦b ∈ range(r); ⋀x. ⟨x,b⟩∈ r ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
by (unfold range_def, blast)
lemma range_subset: "range(A*B) ⊆ B"
unfolding range_def
apply (subst converse_prod)
apply (rule domain_subset)
done
lemma range_of_prod: "a∈A ⟹ range(A*B) = B"
by blast
lemma range_0 [simp]: "range(0) = 0"
by blast
lemma range_cons [simp]: "range(cons(⟨a,b⟩,r)) = cons(b, range(r))"
by blast
lemma range_Un_eq [simp]: "range(A ∪ B) = range(A) ∪ range(B)"
by blast
lemma range_Int_subset: "range(A ∩ B) ⊆ range(A) ∩ range(B)"
by blast
lemma range_Diff_subset: "range(A) - range(B) ⊆ range(A - B)"
by blast
lemma domain_converse [simp]: "domain(converse(r)) = range(r)"
by blast
lemma range_converse [simp]: "range(converse(r)) = domain(r)"
by blast
lemma fieldI1: "⟨a,b⟩∈ r ⟹ a ∈ field(r)"
by (unfold field_def, blast)
lemma fieldI2: "⟨a,b⟩∈ r ⟹ b ∈ field(r)"
by (unfold field_def, blast)
lemma fieldCI [intro]:
"(¬ ⟨c,a⟩∈r ⟹ ⟨a,b⟩∈ r) ⟹ a ∈ field(r)"
apply (unfold field_def, blast)
done
lemma fieldE [elim!]:
"⟦a ∈ field(r);
⋀x. ⟨a,x⟩∈ r ⟹ P;
⋀x. ⟨x,a⟩∈ r ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
by (unfold field_def, blast)
lemma field_subset: "field(A*B) ⊆ A ∪ B"
by blast
lemma domain_subset_field: "domain(r) ⊆ field(r)"
unfolding field_def
apply (rule Un_upper1)
done
lemma range_subset_field: "range(r) ⊆ field(r)"
unfolding field_def
apply (rule Un_upper2)
done
lemma domain_times_range: "r ⊆ Sigma(A,B) ⟹ r ⊆ domain(r)*range(r)"
by blast
lemma field_times_field: "r ⊆ Sigma(A,B) ⟹ r ⊆ field(r)*field(r)"
by blast
lemma relation_field_times_field: "relation(r) ⟹ r ⊆ field(r)*field(r)"
by (simp add: relation_def, blast)
lemma field_of_prod: "field(A*A) = A"
by blast
lemma field_0 [simp]: "field(0) = 0"
by blast
lemma field_cons [simp]: "field(cons(⟨a,b⟩,r)) = cons(a, cons(b, field(r)))"
by blast
lemma field_Un_eq [simp]: "field(A ∪ B) = field(A) ∪ field(B)"
by blast
lemma field_Int_subset: "field(A ∩ B) ⊆ field(A) ∩ field(B)"
by blast
lemma field_Diff_subset: "field(A) - field(B) ⊆ field(A - B)"
by blast
lemma field_converse [simp]: "field(converse(r)) = field(r)"
by blast
lemma rel_Union: "(∀x∈S. ∃A B. x ⊆ A*B) ⟹
⋃(S) ⊆ domain(⋃(S)) * range(⋃(S))"
by blast
lemma rel_Un: "⟦r ⊆ A*B; s ⊆ C*D⟧ ⟹ (r ∪ s) ⊆ (A ∪ C) * (B ∪ D)"
by blast
lemma domain_Diff_eq: "⟦⟨a,c⟩ ∈ r; c≠b⟧ ⟹ domain(r-{⟨a,b⟩}) = domain(r)"
by blast
lemma range_Diff_eq: "⟦⟨c,b⟩ ∈ r; c≠a⟧ ⟹ range(r-{⟨a,b⟩}) = range(r)"
by blast
subsection‹Image of a Set under a Function or Relation›
lemma image_iff: "b ∈ r``A ⟷ (∃x∈A. ⟨x,b⟩∈r)"
by (unfold image_def, blast)
lemma image_singleton_iff: "b ∈ r``{a} ⟷ ⟨a,b⟩∈r"
by (rule image_iff [THEN iff_trans], blast)
lemma imageI [intro]: "⟦⟨a,b⟩∈ r; a∈A⟧ ⟹ b ∈ r``A"
by (unfold image_def, blast)
lemma imageE [elim!]:
"⟦b: r``A; ⋀x.⟦⟨x,b⟩∈ r; x∈A⟧ ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
by (unfold image_def, blast)
lemma image_subset: "r ⊆ A*B ⟹ r``C ⊆ B"
by blast
lemma image_0 [simp]: "r``0 = 0"
by blast
lemma image_Un [simp]: "r``(A ∪ B) = (r``A) ∪ (r``B)"
by blast
lemma image_UN: "r `` (⋃x∈A. B(x)) = (⋃x∈A. r `` B(x))"
by blast
lemma Collect_image_eq:
"{z ∈ Sigma(A,B). P(z)} `` C = (⋃x ∈ A. {y ∈ B(x). x ∈ C ∧ P(⟨x,y⟩)})"
by blast
lemma image_Int_subset: "r``(A ∩ B) ⊆ (r``A) ∩ (r``B)"
by blast
lemma image_Int_square_subset: "(r ∩ A*A)``B ⊆ (r``B) ∩ A"
by blast
lemma image_Int_square: "B⊆A ⟹ (r ∩ A*A)``B = (r``B) ∩ A"
by blast
lemma image_0_left [simp]: "0``A = 0"
by blast
lemma image_Un_left: "(r ∪ s)``A = (r``A) ∪ (s``A)"
by blast
lemma image_Int_subset_left: "(r ∩ s)``A ⊆ (r``A) ∩ (s``A)"
by blast
subsection‹Inverse Image of a Set under a Function or Relation›
lemma vimage_iff:
"a ∈ r-``B ⟷ (∃y∈B. ⟨a,y⟩∈r)"
by (unfold vimage_def image_def converse_def, blast)
lemma vimage_singleton_iff: "a ∈ r-``{b} ⟷ ⟨a,b⟩∈r"
by (rule vimage_iff [THEN iff_trans], blast)
lemma vimageI [intro]: "⟦⟨a,b⟩∈ r; b∈B⟧ ⟹ a ∈ r-``B"
by (unfold vimage_def, blast)
lemma vimageE [elim!]:
"⟦a: r-``B; ⋀x.⟦⟨a,x⟩∈ r; x∈B⟧ ⟹ P⟧ ⟹ P"
apply (unfold vimage_def, blast)
done
lemma vimage_subset: "r ⊆ A*B ⟹ r-``C ⊆ A"
unfolding vimage_def
apply (erule converse_type [THEN image_subset])
done
lemma vimage_0 [simp]: "r-``0 = 0"
by blast
lemma vimage_Un [simp]: "r-``(A ∪ B) = (r-``A) ∪ (r-``B)"
by blast
lemma vimage_Int_subset: "r-``(A ∩ B) ⊆ (r-``A) ∩ (r-``B)"
by blast
lemma vimage_eq_UN: "f -``B = (⋃y∈B. f-``{y})"
by blast
lemma function_vimage_Int:
"function(f) ⟹ f-``(A ∩ B) = (f-``A) ∩ (f-``B)"
by (unfold function_def, blast)
lemma function_vimage_Diff: "function(f) ⟹ f-``(A-B) = (f-``A) - (f-``B)"
by (unfold function_def, blast)
lemma function_image_vimage: "function(f) ⟹ f `` (f-`` A) ⊆ A"
by (unfold function_def, blast)
lemma vimage_Int_square_subset: "(r ∩ A*A)-``B ⊆ (r-``B) ∩ A"
by blast
lemma vimage_Int_square: "B⊆A ⟹ (r ∩ A*A)-``B = (r-``B) ∩ A"
by blast
lemma vimage_0_left [simp]: "0-``A = 0"
by blast
lemma vimage_Un_left: "(r ∪ s)-``A = (r-``A) ∪ (s-``A)"
by blast
lemma vimage_Int_subset_left: "(r ∩ s)-``A ⊆ (r-``A) ∩ (s-``A)"
by blast
lemma converse_Un [simp]: "converse(A ∪ B) = converse(A) ∪ converse(B)"
by blast
lemma converse_Int [simp]: "converse(A ∩ B) = converse(A) ∩ converse(B)"
by blast
lemma converse_Diff [simp]: "converse(A - B) = converse(A) - converse(B)"
by blast
lemma converse_UN [simp]: "converse(⋃x∈A. B(x)) = (⋃x∈A. converse(B(x)))"
by blast
lemma converse_INT [simp]:
"converse(⋂x∈A. B(x)) = (⋂x∈A. converse(B(x)))"
apply (unfold Inter_def, blast)
done
subsection‹Powerset Operator›
lemma Pow_0 [simp]: "Pow(0) = {0}"
by blast
lemma Pow_insert: "Pow (cons(a,A)) = Pow(A) ∪ {cons(a,X) . X: Pow(A)}"
apply (rule equalityI, safe)
apply (erule swap)
apply (rule_tac a = "x-{a}" in RepFun_eqI, auto)
done
lemma Un_Pow_subset: "Pow(A) ∪ Pow(B) ⊆ Pow(A ∪ B)"
by blast
lemma UN_Pow_subset: "(⋃x∈A. Pow(B(x))) ⊆ Pow(⋃x∈A. B(x))"
by blast
lemma subset_Pow_Union: "A ⊆ Pow(⋃(A))"
by blast
lemma Union_Pow_eq [simp]: "⋃(Pow(A)) = A"
by blast
lemma Union_Pow_iff: "⋃(A) ∈ Pow(B) ⟷ A ∈ Pow(Pow(B))"
by blast
lemma Pow_Int_eq [simp]: "Pow(A ∩ B) = Pow(A) ∩ Pow(B)"
by blast
lemma Pow_INT_eq: "A≠0 ⟹ Pow(⋂x∈A. B(x)) = (⋂x∈A. Pow(B(x)))"
by (blast elim!: not_emptyE)
subsection‹RepFun›
lemma RepFun_subset: "⟦⋀x. x∈A ⟹ f(x) ∈ B⟧ ⟹ {f(x). x∈A} ⊆ B"
by blast
lemma RepFun_eq_0_iff [simp]: "{f(x).x∈A}=0 ⟷ A=0"
by blast
lemma RepFun_constant [simp]: "{c. x∈A} = (if A=0 then 0 else {c})"
by force
subsection‹Collect›
lemma Collect_subset: "Collect(A,P) ⊆ A"
by blast
lemma Collect_Un: "Collect(A ∪ B, P) = Collect(A,P) ∪ Collect(B,P)"
by blast
lemma Collect_Int: "Collect(A ∩ B, P) = Collect(A,P) ∩ Collect(B,P)"
by blast
lemma Collect_Diff: "Collect(A - B, P) = Collect(A,P) - Collect(B,P)"
by blast
lemma Collect_cons: "{x∈cons(a,B). P(x)} =
(if P(a) then cons(a, {x∈B. P(x)}) else {x∈B. P(x)})"
by (simp, blast)
lemma Int_Collect_self_eq: "A ∩ Collect(A,P) = Collect(A,P)"
by blast
lemma Collect_Collect_eq [simp]:
"Collect(Collect(A,P), Q) = Collect(A, λx. P(x) ∧ Q(x))"
by blast
lemma Collect_Int_Collect_eq:
"Collect(A,P) ∩ Collect(A,Q) = Collect(A, λx. P(x) ∧ Q(x))"
by blast
lemma Collect_Union_eq [simp]:
"Collect(⋃x∈A. B(x), P) = (⋃x∈A. Collect(B(x), P))"
by blast
lemma Collect_Int_left: "{x∈A. P(x)} ∩ B = {x ∈ A ∩ B. P(x)}"
by blast
lemma Collect_Int_right: "A ∩ {x∈B. P(x)} = {x ∈ A ∩ B. P(x)}"
by blast
lemma Collect_disj_eq: "{x∈A. P(x) | Q(x)} = Collect(A, P) ∪ Collect(A, Q)"
by blast
lemma Collect_conj_eq: "{x∈A. P(x) ∧ Q(x)} = Collect(A, P) ∩ Collect(A, Q)"
by blast
lemmas subset_SIs = subset_refl cons_subsetI subset_consI
Union_least UN_least Un_least
Inter_greatest Int_greatest RepFun_subset
Un_upper1 Un_upper2 Int_lower1 Int_lower2
ML ‹
val subset_cs =
claset_of (\<^context>
delrules [@{thm subsetI}, @{thm subsetCE}]
addSIs @{thms subset_SIs}
addIs [@{thm Union_upper}, @{thm Inter_lower}]
addSEs [@{thm cons_subsetE}]);
val ZF_cs = claset_of (\<^context> delrules [@{thm equalityI}]);
›
end